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Date |
Event(s) |
1 | 1836 | - First Potato famine in Ireland
- 30 Jan 1836: Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened - considered the world's first modern suspension bridge
- 25 Feb 1836: Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver'
- 6 Mar 1836: The Alamo falls to Mexican troops – death of Davy Crockett
- Jul 1836: Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
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2 | 1837 | - Pitman introduces his shorthand system
- P&O Founded
- 20 Jun 1837: William IV dies – accession of Queen Victoria (to 1901)
- 1 Jul 1837: Compulsory registration of Births, Marriages & Deaths in England & Wales –
Registration Districts were formed covering several parishes; initially they had the same
boundaries as the Poor Law boundaries set up in 1834
- 13 Jul 1837: Queen Victoria moves into the first Buckingham Palace
- 20 Jul 1837: Euston Railway station opens – first in London
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3 | 1838 | - 28 Jun 1838: Coronation of Queen Victoria at Westminster Abbey
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4 | 1839 | - First Opium War between Britain and China (to 1842) – Britain captures Hong Kong
- Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refines the primitive bicycle, adding a
mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel, thus creating the first true "bicycle" in the modern
sense
- Charles Goodyear invented vulcanized rubber
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5 | 1840 | - Population Act relating to taking of censuses in Britain
- Last convicts landed in NSW (some say 1842 or 1849, but these probably landed
elsewhere)
- 10 Jan 1840: Uniform Penny Postage introduced nationally
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6 | 1841 | - Thomas Cook starts package tours
- 10 Feb 1841: Penny Red replaces Penny Black postage stamp
- 6 Jun 1841: June 6: First full census in Britain in which all names were recorded (Population 18.5M)
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7 | 1842 | - Income Tax reintroduced in Britain
- 30 Mar 1842: Ether used as an anaesthetic for the first time (by Dr Crawford Long in America)
- 29 Aug 1842: Treaty of Nanking – End of First Opium War – Britain gains Hong Kong
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8 | 1843 | - First Christmas card in England
- 27 May 1843: The Great Hall of Euston station opened in London
- 19 Jul 1843: Brunel's 'Great Britain' launched
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9 | 1844 | - 6 Jun 1844: YMCA founded in London by Sir George Williams
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10 | 1845 | - Tarmac laid for first time (in Nottingham)
- 17 Mar 1845: The rubber band patented by Stephen Perry
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11 | 1846 | - 10 Sep 1846: The sewing machine is patented by Elias Howe
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12 | 1847 | - US Mormons make Salt Lake City their centre
- Jan 1847: An anaesthetic used for the first time in England (James Simpson used ether to numb the pain of labour)
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13 | 1848 | - First commercial production of chewing gum
- 24 Jan 1848: Gold found at Sutter's Mill, California – starts the California gold rush
- 11 Jul 1848: Waterloo railway station in London opens
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14 | 1849 | - Florin (2 shilling coin) introduced as the first step to decimalisation – which finally
occurred in 1971!
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15 | 1851 | - Gold discovered in Australia
- 1 May 1851: Great exhibition of the works of industry of all nations ("Crystal Palace" exhibition) opened in Hyde Park
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16 | 1852 | - Tasmania ceases to be a convict settlement
- Wells Fargo established in USA
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17 | 1853 | - Vaccination against smallpox made compulsory in Britain
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18 | 1854 | - Cigarettes introduced into Britain
- 27 Mar 1854: Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War)
- 25 Oct 1854: Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
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